Adults are getting smarter about how smart babies are. Not long ago, researchers learned that 4-day-old could understand【B1】___and subtraction. Now, British research psychologist Graham Schafer has discovered that infants can learn words for uncommon things long before they can speak. He found that 9-month-old infants could be taught, through repeated show-and-tell, to【B2】the names of objects that were foreign to them, a result that【B3】in some ways the received wisdom that, apart from learning to【B4】things common to their daily lives, children don’t begin to build vocabulary until well into their second year. “It’s no【B5】that children learn words, but the words they tend to know are words linked to【B6】situations in the home,” explains Schafer. “This is the first demonstration that we can choose what words the children will learn and that they can respond to them with an unfamiliar voice【B7】___in an unfamiliar setting.”

Figuring out how humans acquire language may【B8】_______ why some children learn to read and write later than others, Schafer says, and could lead to better treatments for developmental problems. What’s more, the study of language【B9】___offers direct insight into how humans learn. “Language is a test case for human cognitive development,” says Schafer. But parents eager to teach their infants should take note: even without being taught new words, a control group【B10】___the other infants within a few months. “This is not about advancing development,” he says. “It’s just about what children can do at an earlier age than what educators have often thought. “

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