Criticism is the analysis and judgment of works of art. It

tries to interpret and to evaluate such works and to examine

the principals by which they may be understood. Criticism 【M1】________

attempts to promote high standards among artists and to

encourage the appreciation of art. It also helps society remain

awareness of the value of both past and present works of art. 【M2】________

Criticism plays an important part in every art form, and it

can be divided into four basic types. They differ according to

which aspect of art the critic chooses to emphasize in. Formal 【M3】________

criticism examines the forms or structures of works of art. It

may also compare a work with others of its gender, such as 【M4】________

other tragic plays or other sonnets. Formal criticism is

sometimes intrinsic—that is, it may seek to treat each work of

art as total complete in itself. Rhetorical criticism analyzes the 【M5】________

means by which a work of art affects an audience. It focuses 【M6】________

style and on general principles of psychology. Expressive

criticism regards works as expressing the ideas or feelings of

the artist. It examines the artist’s background but conscious or 【M7】________

unconscious motives. Mimetic criticism views art as an

imitation of the world. It analyzes the ways which artists show 【M8】________

reality, and their thoughts about it. The four types of criticism

can also be combined. For example, a criticism who looks at 【M9】________

the form of a work must also study the way this form affects 【M10】________

an audience.

【M2】