心脏搭桥手术简介
视频:
心脏搭桥手术

如果您或您认识的人最近接受过冠状动脉搭桥术 (CABG),
该视频将帮助您了解手术步骤以及它如何恢复心脏的血液流动
冠状动脉旁路移植术(CABG)
进行以改善心肌循环
在此过程中,连接或移植来自身体其他部位的健康动脉或静脉,
到阻塞的冠状动脉
移植的动脉或静脉绕过冠状动脉的阻塞部分,
将富氧血液输送至心肌
在单次手术中可能会绕过一根或多根冠状动脉
手术前,将开始静脉注射,并且可能会给予您药物来帮助您放松
CABG 手术在全身麻醉下进行,
这将使您在手术期间处于睡眠状态
呼吸管将通过您的嘴插入喉咙以帮助您呼吸
将在您的膀胱中放置一根导管以排出尿液
冠状动脉搭桥手术一般需要三到六个小时
在传统的搭桥手术中,
您的外科医生首先在胸骨或胸骨上方的皮肤上做一个切口
然后他或她会切开胸骨并移动您的胸腔以到达您的心脏
在整个过程中,
您的循环系统可能连接到心肺旁路泵或心肺机
该机器可以在手术期间暂时执行您的心肺功能,
让你的心脏停止跳动
如果需要,当外科医生将移植物缝合到位时
移植物通常可使用不同的血管:
胸部的胸廓内动脉,
也称为乳内动脉,
或腿部的隐静脉
对于胸廓内动脉移植物,
您的外科医生会将上端连接到锁骨下动脉
并将下端从胸壁转移到冠状动脉,就在堵塞物之外
然后您的外科医生会将移植物缝合到位
对于大隐静脉移植物,
您的外科医生将缝合主动脉的一端
狭窄动脉的另一端,就在堵塞物之外
当移植物牢固就位后,
您的外科医生可能会使用电信号来恢复心跳并将临时起搏器连接到心脏
一旦你的心脏再次正常跳动,
如果外科医生使用心肺机,它就会被断开
您的外科医生会将胸骨重新连接在一起,
并将皮肤切口缝合
临时引流管将穿过皮肤放置在切口下方
当外科医生选择不使用心肺机进行手术时,心脏会继续跳动
这可能被称为非体外循环手术或微创手术
相反,使用机械装置来稳定进行移植的心脏部分
外科医生使用专门设计的仪器进行微创搭桥手术
通过胸部的小切口或“端口”插入
手术后,您将被送往重症监护室
您的心脏活动将受到仔细监测
如有必要,起搏线将用于暂时控制您的心率
胸管将保持在原位,以排出胸腔中多余的血液和空气
一旦你能自己呼吸了
您的呼吸管将被移除并更换为氧气面罩
膀胱导管将保留在原位
当您在接下来的三到四天内从手术中恢复时,
所有这些设备都将被逐步移除
从您的手术中出院后,
如果您有任何疑问,请务必联系您的医生
或经历您正在服用的药物的任何副作用

If you or someone you know has recently had a coronary artery bypass graft or CABG
如果您或您认识的人最近接受过冠状动脉搭桥术 (CABG),
this video will help you understand the steps of the procedure and how it restores blood flow to your heart
该视频将帮助您了解手术步骤以及它如何恢复心脏的血液流动
A coronary artery bypass graft or CABG
冠状动脉旁路移植术(CABG)
is performed to improve circulation to the heart muscle
进行以改善心肌循环
In this procedure a healthy artery or vein from another part of the body is connected or grafted
在此过程中,连接或移植来自身体其他部位的健康动脉或静脉,
to the blocked coronary artery
到阻塞的冠状动脉
The grafted artery or vein bypasses the blocked portion of the coronary artery
移植的动脉或静脉绕过冠状动脉的阻塞部分,
carrying oxygen rich blood to the heart muscle
将富氧血液输送至心肌
One or more coronary arteries may be bypassed during a single operation
在单次手术中可能会绕过一根或多根冠状动脉
Before the surgery an intravenous line will be started and you may be given a medication to help you relax
手术前,将开始静脉注射,并且可能会给予您药物来帮助您放松
CABG procedures are done under general anesthesia
CABG 手术在全身麻醉下进行,
which will put you to sleep for the duration of the operation
这将使您在手术期间处于睡眠状态
A breathing tube will be inserted through your mouth and into your throat to help you breathe
呼吸管将通过您的嘴插入喉咙以帮助您呼吸
A catheter will be placed in your bladder to drain your urine
将在您的膀胱中放置一根导管以排出尿液
Coronary artery bypass surgery generally takes three to six hours
冠状动脉搭桥手术一般需要三到六个小时
During a conventional bypass surgery
在传统的搭桥手术中,
your surgeon begins by making an incision in the skin over your breastbone or sternum
您的外科医生首先在胸骨或胸骨上方的皮肤上做一个切口
He or she will then cut the sternum and move your ribcage in order to get to your heart
然后他或她会切开胸骨并移动您的胸腔以到达您的心脏
Throughout the procedure
在整个过程中,
your circulatory system may be connected to a cardiopulmonary bypass pump or heart lung machine
您的循环系统可能连接到心肺旁路泵或心肺机
This machine may temporarily perform the functions of your heart and lungs during the surgery
该机器可以在手术期间暂时执行您的心肺功能,
allowing your heart to be stopped
让你的心脏停止跳动
if desired while the surgeon sews the grafts into place
如果需要,当外科医生将移植物缝合到位时
Different blood vessels may typically be used for the grafts
移植物通常可使用不同的血管:
the internal thoracic arteries in the chest
胸部的胸廓内动脉,
also known as internal mammary arteries
也称为乳内动脉,
or the saphenous veins in the legs
或腿部的隐静脉
For the internal thoracic artery graft
对于胸廓内动脉移植物,
your surgeon will leave the upper end attached to the subclavian artery
您的外科医生会将上端连接到锁骨下动脉
and divert the lower end from your chest wall to your coronary artery just beyond the blockage
并将下端从胸壁转移到冠状动脉,就在堵塞物之外
Your surgeon will then sew the graft into place
然后您的外科医生会将移植物缝合到位
For the saphenous vein graft
对于大隐静脉移植物,
your surgeon will suture one end to the aorta
您的外科医生将缝合主动脉的一端
and the other end to the narrowed artery just beyond the blockage
狭窄动脉的另一端,就在堵塞物之外
With the grafts securely in place
当移植物牢固就位后,
your surgeon may use electrical signals to restore the heartbeat and attach a temporary pacemaker to the heart
您的外科医生可能会使用电信号来恢复心跳并将临时起搏器连接到心脏
Once your heart is again beating normally
一旦你的心脏再次正常跳动,
if the surgeon used the heart lung machine it would be disconnected
如果外科医生使用心肺机,它就会被断开
Your surgeon will wire the breastbone back together
您的外科医生会将胸骨重新连接在一起,
and suture the skin incision closed
并将皮肤切口缝合
A temporary drainage tube will be placed through the skin beneath the incision
临时引流管将穿过皮肤放置在切口下方
When the surgeon chooses to do the surgery without using the heart lung machine the heart continues to beat
当外科医生选择不使用心肺机进行手术时,心脏会继续跳动
This may be referred to as off pump bypass surgery or minimally invasive surgery
这可能被称为非体外循环手术或微创手术
Instead a mechanical device is used to steady the part of the heart where grafting is being done
相反,使用机械装置来稳定进行移植的心脏部分
Surgeons perform minimally invasive bypass procedures using specially designed instruments
外科医生使用专门设计的仪器进行微创搭桥手术
inserted through small incisions or "ports" in the chest
通过胸部的小切口或"端口"插入
After surgery you will be taken to the intensive care unit
手术后,您将被送往重症监护室
The activity of your heart will be carefully monitored
您的心脏活动将受到仔细监测
If necessary pacing wires will be used to temporarily control your heart rate
如有必要,起搏线将用于暂时控制您的心率
The chest tube will remain in place to drain excess blood and air from the chest cavity
胸管将保持在原位,以排出胸腔中多余的血液和空气
Once you can breathe on your own
一旦你能自己呼吸了
your breathing tube will be removed and replaced with an oxygen mask
您的呼吸管将被移除并更换为氧气面罩
The bladder catheter will remain in place
膀胱导管将保留在原位
As you recover from surgery over the next three to four days
当您在接下来的三到四天内从手术中恢复时,
all of these devices will be gradually removed
所有这些设备都将被逐步移除
Upon discharge from your procedure
从您的手术中出院后,
be sure to contact your doctor if you have any questions
如果您有任何疑问,请务必联系您的医生
or experience any side effects from the medications you are taking
或经历您正在服用的药物的任何副作用
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