心跳（heartbeat），顾名思义就是心脏的跳动。右心房收纳全身的静脉血，通过右心室从肺动脉泵出，此时肺动脉中流的是静脉血，通过肺中的气体交换，变成含氧丰富的动脉血，由肺静脉送至左心房，再通过左心室的主动脉泵向全身各个组织器官以满足其正常生理活动的需要。

The cardiac cycle is the sequence of contraction
心动周期是收缩的顺序
and relaxation of the heart chambers during a single heartbeat
以及一次心跳期间心室的舒张
The contraction of the heart chambers is called systole
心室的收缩称为收缩期
And relaxation of the heart chambers is called diastole
心室的舒张称为舒张期
The cycle begins with both the atria and ventricles in diastole
该周期从心房和心室均处于舒张期开始
Both atrioventricular valves are open while the pulmonary
当肺动脉瓣打开时,两个房室瓣均打开
and aortic semilunar valves are closed
主动脉半月瓣关闭
Blood flows into the right atrium
血液流入右心房
through the superior and inferior vena cava
通过上腔静脉和下腔静脉
Blood flows from the lungs into the left atrium
血液从肺部流入左心房
through the pulmonary veins
通过肺静脉
Then blood moves from both atria into the ventricles
然后血液从两个心房流入心室
through the open atrial ventricular valves
通过开放的心房瓣
During atrial systole
在心房收缩期间,
the atria contract and force any remaining atrial blood into the ventricles
心房收缩并迫使任何剩余的心房血液进入心室
The ventricles are still in diastole
心室仍处于舒张期,
allowing them to expand and completely fill with blood
让它们扩张并完全充满血液
During ventricular systole the ventricles contract
在心室收缩期间,心室收缩,
the atrioventricular valves close
房室瓣关闭,
preventing backflow
防止回流
or regurgitation of blood into the atria
或血液回流到心房,
the pulmonary semilunar valve opens
肺半月瓣打开,
and the right ventricle expels blood into the pulmonary arteries to the lungs
右心室将血液排入肺动脉并到达肺部
Likewise the aortic semilunar valve opens
同样,主动脉半月瓣打开
and the left ventricle expels blood into the aorta
左心室将血液排入主动脉
and out to the rest of the body
并延伸到身体的其他部位
After ventricular systole
心室收缩后,
the cardiac cycle begins again
心动周期再次开始
as both the atria and ventricles enter diastole to allow the heart to fill with blood
当心房和心室进入舒张期,让心脏充满血液
Normally this cycle repeats 60 to 100 times a minute
通常,该循环每分钟重复 60 至 100 次
The right side of the heart produces pulmonary circulation
心脏的右侧产生肺循环
This is the movement of deoxygenated blood
这是脱氧血液的运动
from the body through the right atrium and ventricle
从身体穿过右心房和心室,
out through the pulmonary artery
通过肺动脉流出
and to the lungs
和肺部
Blood oxygenated in the lungs' alveoli
血液在肺泡中充氧
returns to the heart through the pulmonary veins
通过肺静脉返回心脏
The left side of the heart produces systemic circulation
心脏的左侧产生体循环
This is the movement of oxygenated blood
这是含氧血液的运动
returning from the lungs to the left atrium and ventricle
从肺部返回左心房和心室
and out through the aorta to be distributed to the rest of the body
并通过主动脉分布到身体的其他部位
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