阴道酵母菌感染是一种常见疾病，女性阴道内酵母菌生长过多
它的其他名称是外阴阴道念珠菌病和念珠菌外阴阴道炎
酵母是一种真菌，是一种类似植物的生物体
通常引起感染的酵母类型称为白色念珠菌
您的阴道是从子宫到体外的通道
阴道内表面通常含有少量这种酵母，
这通常不会引起任何问题
其他细菌，例如健康细菌乳酸菌，也与念珠菌一起生活在阴道中
他们让彼此保持平衡
有时阴道条件的变化会使酵母菌生长失控
当这种情况发生时，酵母细胞会侵入阴道内壁，称为粘膜上皮
当酵母生长并损害细胞时，它会导致免疫细胞进入组织
当您的免疫细胞试图清除感染时，这会导致组织发炎并受损
不幸的是，酵母细胞可以通过杀死免疫细胞来避免免疫破坏
或者，酵母细胞可能长得太大，免疫细胞无法摧毁它们
这使得酵母能够生长和扩散，在阴道中形成一层称为生物膜的层
人们为何会感染酵母菌并不总是很清楚
但是，如果您怀孕或患有糖尿病，则更有可能感染酵母菌
清洗阴道内部，也称为冲洗，
免疫系统较弱，
服用避孕药，或服用抗生素或类固醇药物
酵母菌感染最常见的症状是阴道和外阴极度瘙痒，
这是阴道入口周围的区域
其他症状可能包括阴道或外阴发红、烧灼感和肿胀，排尿或性交时疼痛，
阴道有浓稠的白色无味分泌物
您可以用抗真菌药物治疗阴道酵母菌感染
这些药物可能是涂抹在阴道内的乳膏或栓剂
或者，它们可能是您口服的药片
只要按照说明指示使用抗真菌药物就很重要
即使您的症状消失，也不要过早停止使用它们
有助于预防阴道酵母菌感染的一些方法包括仅清洗外阴，而不是清洗阴道内部，
不使用冲洗器或卫生喷雾剂
保持生殖器部位清洁干燥
不穿紧身内衣或裤子
穿胯部为棉质的内衣
上完厕所后一定要从前往后擦拭
性交后清洁外阴
如果您患有糖尿病，请控制血糖
另外，仅按照处方服用抗生素治疗其他感染
抗生素可能会杀死控制酵母菌的健康细菌，从而导致酵母菌感染
要了解有关阴道酵母菌感染的更多信息，
与您的保健医生交谈

A vaginal yeast infection is a common condition where too much yeast grows in a woman's vagina
阴道酵母菌感染是一种常见疾病,女性阴道内酵母菌生长过多
Other names for it are vulvovaginal candidiasis and candida vulvovaginitis
它的其他名称是外阴阴道念珠菌病和念珠菌外阴阴道炎
Yeast is a type of fungus which is a plant like organism
酵母是一种真菌,是一种类似植物的生物体
The type of yeast that usually causes the infection is called candida albicans
通常引起感染的酵母类型称为白色念珠菌
Your vagina is the passage from the uterus to the outside of your body
您的阴道是从子宫到体外的通道
The surface inside your vagina normally contains small amounts of this yeast
阴道内表面通常含有少量这种酵母,
which usually doesn't cause any problems
这通常不会引起任何问题
Other germs such as the healthy bacterium Lactobacillus also live in the vagina with Candida
其他细菌,例如健康细菌乳酸菌,也与念珠菌一起生活在阴道中
They keep each other in balance
他们让彼此保持平衡
Sometimes conditions change in the vagina that make the yeast grow out of control
有时阴道条件的变化会使酵母菌生长失控
When this happens yeast cells invade the lining of your vagina called mucosal epithelium
当这种情况发生时,酵母细胞会侵入阴道内壁,称为粘膜上皮
As the yeast grows and damages your cells it causes immune cells to enter the tissue
当酵母生长并损害细胞时,它会导致免疫细胞进入组织
This inflames and damages the tissue as your immune cells try to clear the infection
当您的免疫细胞试图清除感染时,这会导致组织发炎并受损
Unfortunately yeast cells can avoid immune destruction by killing immune cells
不幸的是,酵母细胞可以通过杀死免疫细胞来避免免疫破坏
Or yeast cells may grow too large for immune cells to destroy them
或者,酵母细胞可能长得太大,免疫细胞无法摧毁它们
This allows the yeast to grow and spread forming a layer called a biofilm in your vagina
这使得酵母能够生长和扩散,在阴道中形成一层称为生物膜的层
It's not always clear why a person gets a yeast infection
人们为何会感染酵母菌并不总是很清楚
But you're more likely to get a yeast infection if you are pregnant have diabetes
但是,如果您怀孕或患有糖尿病,则更有可能感染酵母菌
wash the inside of your vagina also known as douching
清洗阴道内部,也称为冲洗,
have a weakened immune system
免疫系统较弱,
take birth control pills or have taken antibiotics or steroid drugs
服用避孕药,或服用抗生素或类固醇药物
The most common symptom of a yeast infection is an extreme itchy feeling in your vagina and your vulva
酵母菌感染最常见的症状是阴道和外阴极度瘙痒,
which is the area around the entrance to your vagina
这是阴道入口周围的区域
Other symptoms may include redness burning and swelling in your vagina or vulva pain during urination or sex
其他症状可能包括阴道或外阴发红、烧灼感和肿胀,排尿或性交时疼痛,
and a thick white odorless discharge from your vagina
阴道有浓稠的白色无味分泌物
You can treat a vaginal yeast infection with antifungal medicines
您可以用抗真菌药物治疗阴道酵母菌感染
These medicines may be creams or suppositories that you apply in your vagina
这些药物可能是涂抹在阴道内的乳膏或栓剂
Or they may be pills you take by mouth
或者,它们可能是您口服的药片
It's important to use an antifungal medication for as long as the directions tell you to
只要按照说明指示使用抗真菌药物就很重要
Don't stop using them early even if your symptoms go away
即使您的症状消失,也不要过早停止使用它们
Some of the ways you can help prevent a vaginal yeast infection include only washing your vulva not inside your vagina
有助于预防阴道酵母菌感染的一些方法包括仅清洗外阴,而不是清洗阴道内部,
and not using douches or hygiene sprays
不使用冲洗器或卫生喷雾剂
Keeping the genital area clean and dry
保持生殖器部位清洁干燥
Not wearing tight underwear or pants
不穿紧身内衣或裤子
Wearing underwear with a cotton crotch
穿胯部为棉质的内衣
Always wiping front to back after using the toilet
上完厕所后一定要从前往后擦拭
Cleaning your vulva after sex
性交后清洁外阴
And keeping your blood sugar under control if you have diabetes
如果您患有糖尿病,请控制血糖
Also take antibiotics for other infections only as prescribed
另外,仅按照处方服用抗生素治疗其他感染
Antibiotics may kill healthy bacteria that keep yeast in check which can lead to a yeast infection
抗生素可能会杀死控制酵母菌的健康细菌,从而导致酵母菌感染
To find out more about vaginal yeast infections
要了解有关阴道酵母菌感染的更多信息,
talk to your healthcare practitioner
与您的保健医生交谈
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